Black smoke Rising from the chimney of the Sistine Church, Wednesday indicated that there was no new pope to replace Pope Francis, who had the first vote.
Whether the use of cigarettes to communicate with the public has been elected a new pope is the latest tradition of the Catholic Church. Cardinal voters In a meeting of the Latin word that starts with the Latin meaning “with key”, it is locked without contact with the outside world. Therefore, they used one of the oldest long-distance communication methods: smoke signals.
After calculating the Cardinal's vote, the paper tickets were burned in the stove at Sistine's Church. The black smoke that appears in the chimney means that the 1.4 billion days of Catholics in the world have no new pope yet. White smoke means Cardinal chooses a new one Church leader.
Smoke signals have been used for thousands of years, Clare Johnson, a professor of liturgical studies and theology at Catholic University in Australia, wrote in an article published in the conversation. They have been used as warnings, calling for the collection or dissemination of news - many indigenous peoples use complex technologies to indicate specific information.
"These techniques can include changing the location of the fire (such as upward or half on a hilltop), adjusting the color of the smoke (using different types of leaves or wet/dry leaves), and interrupting or transferring smoke columns at different time intervals to create specific smoke patterns."
Cardinal in conclusion According to the professor, votes have been burning since at least 1417, but it was not until the 18th century that the Sistine Church installed the first chimney. After that, at some point smoke means no new pope elected, and no smoke indicates that it is the new pope.
Baiyan was the first time an indicator of the new pope elected in 1914. The previous Pope Asylum X mandated in 1904 that all papers related to the election, not just the vote, were burned," so more white smoke was produced in the final vote and made it truly visible and made it truly visible.
Johnson also noted: "The color of smoke - the stereotypes of white (positive) and black (negative) are behind the use of two contrasting smoke colors."
Over the years, the conference tournament has used different methods to produce black and white smoke.
back Some confusion in past conclusionsincluding in 1958, when the smoke first appeared white and then turned black, the conference began using chemicals to get the proper color.
In 2013, former Vatican spokesman Federico Lombardi said the cardinal increased the ink cartridges containing potassium perchlorate, anthracene (a type of anthrax powder), and the flaming voting content of sulfur to produce black smoke. If the new pope is elected, potassium chlorate, lactose and chloroform resin will be added to produce white smoke.
The Pope is likely to be elected in the first vote, but the Pope did not receive a two-thirds majority in the first election in the recent election.
this The shortest conclusion Recorded in 1503, when Cardinals only had 10 hours of choosing Pope Pius III as the new pope. The late Pope Francis was elected in two days with five votes, while the two popes before him were elected in two to three days.
this The longest meeting recorded It has been delayed for nearly three years. About 1,000 days later, Pope Gregory X was finally elected in September 1271.