This month's four-day clash between Indian Arch rivals and Pakistan ended with a ceasefire and a victory for both - but now it looks like China's defense industry could be the winner, too.

The latest outbreak began on May 7, when India launched an attack on the so-called "terrorist infrastructure" within Pakistan in response to the brutal killing of 26 people, mainly militant tourists April 22 in Pahalgam.

Many of them were killed in front of wives and families in the scenic valley of Kashmir managed in India. Delhi accused Islamabad of supporting militant groups involved in the Holocaust, and Pakistan has been accused of denying it.

Following India’s response, known as Operation Sindoor, Tit-Tat military action on both sides followed, involving drones, missiles and fighters.

India reportedly uses its French and Russian-made jets, while Pakistan deploys its J-10 and J-17 aircraft, which Islamabad co-produced with Beijing. Both sides said their jets did not cross the border and they fired missiles at each other from a distance.

Islamabad claims that its fighter jets have shot down at least six Indian aircraft, including the newly acquired French-made Rafale aircraft. Delhi has not responded to these claims yet.

"Loss is part of the battle," said Ak Bharti, the Air Marshal of the Indian Air Force (IAF). Bharti Air Marshal Marshal declined to comment on the specific claims of Pakistan's fall of Indian jets.

He added: "We have achieved the goals we chose and all the pilots are back home."

India said it killed at least "100 terrorists" while targeting Pakistan's aggressive clothing ban on Lashkar-e-Taiba and Jaish-e-Mohammed.

An exact description of what really happened in air combat has not yet appeared. Some media reported that the plane crash in Punjab and India-managed Kashmir State was around the same time, but the Indian government has not responded to the report.

Reuters reported that U.S. officials said Pakistan may use Chinese-made J-10 aircraft to launch air-to-air missiles on Indian fighters. Pakistan claims to rely heavily on the victory of China's weapons system in a positive combat situation is a driving force for Beijing's defense industry, but some people disagree with this statement.

Some experts call this a "in-depth attraction" for China's weapons industry, referring to the fact that in January of this year, Chinese artificial intelligence startups shocked our giants with their cost-effective technology.

"Air combat is a big advertisement for China's weapons industry. So far, China has no chance to test its platform in combat situations," said Zhou, a retired senior colonel of the People's Liberation Army of China.

The Beijing analyst said the results of the air combat showed that "China has some systems that are almost non-existent." Shares in China's AVIC CHENGDU aircraft company were as high as 40% last week after the fighter performance reported in the India-Pakistan conflict.

However, other experts believe it is too early to announce the advantages of China's weapons systems.

Professor Walter Ladwig of King's College London said it has not been determined whether Chinese jets actually outperform Indian Air Force (IAF) aircraft, especially gusts.

"In standard military doctrine, you will suppress the enemy's air defense and gain air superiority before hitting a target on the ground. Instead, the IAF's mission is obviously not arousing any Pakistani military retaliation."

Mr Ladwig believes that while the entire Pakistani air defense is on high alert and their jets are already in the sky, Indian pilots are instructed to fly. The IAF provides no details about the mission or its air operations strategy.

Beijing has not commented on reports that the J-10 shot down Indian fighter jets, including Rafale. However, unconfirmed reports of the J-10 bringing Western weapons systems have sparked joy and triumphalism on Chinese social media.

Carlotta Rinaudo, a Chinese researcher with the Verona International Security Research Team, said that while it is difficult to draw conclusions with information available, Chinese social media is full of nationalist messages.

"At the moment, perception is more important than reality. If we see it this way, then the main winner is indeed China," she said.

For China, Pakistan is a strategic and economic ally. As part of China's Economic Corridor, it has invested more than US$50 billion (£37 billion) to build infrastructure in Pakistan.

Therefore, Pakistan's weakness is not in China's interests.

Pakistani security analyst Imtiaz Gul said China has had a significant impact on the latest India-Pakistan conflict. "This surprised Indian planners. They probably didn't think of the depth of cooperation in the modern war between Pakistan and China," he said.

Experts say the performance of Chinese jets in real combat situations in Western capitals has been keenly analyzed because it will have a cascading impact on global arms trade. The United States is the world's largest arms exporter, while China is the fourth.

China mainly sells weapons to developing countries such as Myanmar and Pakistan. Previously, China's weapons systems were criticized for their poor quality and technical problems.

The report said that due to technical failures, the Myanmar military has taken root several of its JF-17 fighter jets (made by China and Pakistan).

Nigerian troops reported several technical problems with the Chinese-made F-7 fighter jet.

Another thing to note is that this is not the first time India has thrown a plane to Pakistan.

In 2019, a brief air battle between the two sides was launched, with Russian-made Mig-21 jets shot down in Pakistani territory and captured pilots after similar air strikes on suspected terrorist targets. A few days later, he was released.

However, India said the pilot successfully shot down Pakistani fighter jets, including the US-made F-16, and then ejected. Pakistan denied this claim.

Despite reports of a fall in the Indian jet last week, experts like Ladwig believe that the fact that India was able to achieve "impressive goals" within Pakistan in the early hours of May 10 is largely unnoticed in international media.

In a coordinated attack, the Indian military said it launched missiles at 11 Pakistani air bases across the country, including the strategic Nur Khan Air Base outside of Rawalpindi, not far from Pakistan's military headquarters. This is a sensitive target that surprises Islamabad.

One of the furthest goals is in Bholari, 140 kilometers (86 miles) from the southern city of Karachi.

Mr Ladwig said this time the IAF operates using standard procedures - the first attack on Pakistan's air defense and radar systems, and then focus on ground targets.

Although the Pakistanis operated the headquarters air defense system provided by China, the Indian jets used a range of missiles, wandering ammunition and drones.

"The attack seems relatively precise and targeted. The crater is in the middle of the runway and is the ideal location. If it is a longer conflict, how long will it take for the Pakistan Air Force to start these facilities again."

He said that despite this, India's military "lost control of the narrative thread", but refused to introduce the details of the mission brief.

Pakistan said it launched missiles and air strikes on several Indian strikers bases in response to India's strike, but Delhi said the attack did not cause damage to equipment and personnel.

Realizing that the situation was out of control, the United States and its allies intervened in the two countries and put pressure on them.

But for India, the whole plot is a wake-up call, experts say.

Beijing may not comment on details of the recent India-Pakistan conflict, but it is eager to show that its weapons systems are quickly catching up with the West.

Delhi knows that China has provided Pakistan with some earlier models. Beijing has induced more advanced J-20 stealth fighters that can escape radar.

India and China encountered a long border dispute in the Himalayas and fought a brief border war in 1962, resulting in India's failure. A brief border conflict occurred in Ladakh in June 2020.

Experts say India is keenly aware that it needs to speed up investment in the home defense production industry and speed up international purchases.

For now, China's defense industry seems to enjoy the spotlight thanks to its claim that it was successful in a plane in the India-Pakistan conflict.

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